How Search Engine Work: Crawling, Indexing & Ranking.

Search engine are not humans.
Search engines are text driven. Search engine crawl the web, looking at particular site items mainly text to get an idea what a site is about.
First search engine crawl the web to see what is there, by piece of software called crawler or a spider [Googlebot as the case with Google]
Spider follows links from one page to another page and index everything they find on their way.
It is impossible for a spider to visit a site daily just to see if a new page is appeared or if any existing page has been modified. some time spider or crawlers will not visit site for a month or two, so during this time your seo efforts will not be rewarded.
Crawler does not see images, flash movies, JavaScript, Frames, password protected pages and directories, they are not spidered , not indexed, not processed.
After the page is crawled, next step is to index its content. The indexed pages are stored in a giant database, from where it can be retrieved later.
The process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the web page and assigning the page to particular keyword or key phrases.
When we search in search engine all of the pages which are deemed to be relevant are identified from the indexing program and an search engine algorithms are used to hierarchically rank the relevant pages into a set of results.
The search engine algorithms used to rank the most relevant results differ for each search engine. For example, a page that ranks highly for a search query in Google may not rank highly for the same query in Bing or Yahoo or Yandex.
In addition to the search query, search engines use other relevant data to return results, including: Location, detected language, previous search history and device of search query.
Search Engine Algorithms helps to calculate relevancy, each of these algorithms has different relative weights for common factors like keyword density, inbound links quality, relavant meta tags.
All the search engines like Google, Bing, Yahoo, Yandex and Baidu periodically change their algorithms to refine and improve SERPs for end users.

Reference videos about how search engine works.

Divyesh Sidhpura

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